How to set up a router as a repeater: expand your Wi-Fi network coverage with a spare wireless router
If you have a large house or simply a problematic area where the Wi-Fi signal from your main router isn't strong enough, it's possible to use a second, spare router you may have lying around to cure the problem. Here we explain how to set up a router to act as a wireless access point.
There's bound to be a room in your house where Wi-Fi coverage is patchy. If you happen to have a spare router lying around you should be able to cure the problem. Here we explain how to set up a router as a repeater to boost your Wi-Fi signal strength.
Depending on the construction and size of the property you might find that there are Wi-Fi ‘black spots’ where the wireless signal doesn’t reach or gives a poor performance. Thick stone walls and long distances are the biggest culprits, but sometimes you might even have an outside building, shed or office where you would love to work or play but get online at the same time. You may also find that wandering around your garden with your smartphone or tablet is fine until you're out of range of your wireless network.
Using a second wireless router as a ‘repeater’ or 'slave' to your main router is one way of extending your wireless network.
There are some routers and setups where this is not possible. BT's Home Hub routers can be used for this purpose, but it's a slightly more involved process which is explained here. A few ISPs lock down their equipment such that it cannot be used in this way. However routers purchased independently can almost always be used, as can most routers supplied in the past by ISPs. An old router can be connected to a new router: they don’t have to be the same model or even from the same manufacturer to work.
Here’s how to use an old or spare router to do just that.
Step 1.
First you need to find out some details about the router you're currently using, including which channel it is broadcasting on and what security type it is using.
On any Windows PC connected to your network, go to the Control Panel and double-click on Network or Network and Internet. In Windows XP, right-click the network connection that's being used to connect to your router (either Wi-Fi or Ethernet) and choose Status, then Support, you will see a window showing how your network is set up.
For Vista, Windows 7 and 8, go to the Network and Sharing Centre, choose Change adapter settings, then right-click the appropriate connection and choose Staus, then Details.
This window will show your gateway and the computer’s IP address. Note down your gateway as this is the address of your primary router usually in the format; 192.168.1.1 or similar.
Next open a web browser and, in the address bar, type the gateway IP address you’ve noted and hit Enter. You should see a set up screen for your primary router. It may ask for a user name and password. If you know these details, enter them. If not, the information may be on a label underneath the router, or the information may be available by searching the internet for the default user names and passwords for your router model.
Once you’ve accessed the router’s configuration screen you will see something similar to this.
Step 2
As you'll see there are lots of settings you can access and change, but we don’t want to reconfigure the primary router, just check its settings. Have a look at the wireless settings and find the detail which includes the router name, the channel and the security type
This router's SSID is Belkin, is working on channel 6 and uses WEP for security (ideally you should set this to WPA or WPA2 if available, as it is here). The SSID is the name you find when searching for wireless networks from your laptop, tablet or smartphone. Make a note of the security type because you'll try and set the slave router to the same setting. When you have finished there is usually a ‘log out’ option. You have only looked at the settings and made no changes, so there is nothing to save, if asked.
Step 3
Having unearthed that old router which you kept when you changed ISPs a few years ago, the first thing you need to do is reset this router to its factory settings. Find a small hole at the back of the router, usually marked ‘reset’
With the router powered on, insert a paper clip or similar, and hold in for a few seconds. When you release the paper clip you should see all the lights on the router go out and come back on again. You have reset the router to its factory settings.
Step 4
Connect this second router now, with a network cable, to a PC which is not on your network. The best way to do this is to turn off your main router for a few minutes while you set up this slave router. If you only have one PC you will have to disconnect it from your working network temporarily. Once attached, go through Step 1 again with this router until you get to the stage where you have accessed the configuration page. Here, we're using a D-Link router.
Step 5
Ignore any setup wizards, and go to the Wi-Fi settings page. Enable wireless, change the wireless network name to be the same as the primary router and choose a channel well away from channel 6, which is what the primary router is using. Match the security type exactly and type in the same password you use for Wi-Fi on your primary router.
Step 6
Finally you need to make the slave router work alongside the primary router by giving it a fixed IP address which the primary router will recognise and work with.
Head to the LAN setup page (or simialr) and give the router an IP address in the same range as the IP addresses given out by my main router, but outside of the range that is automatically assigned by DHCP. Dynamic Host Communications Protocol is the process by which a device issues IP addresses to equipment on the network. You need to stop the slave router giving out IP addresses to devices, leaving that task in the hands of the primary router.
Disable DHCP by un-ticking it on the relevant configuration page. To assign a fixed IP address, let's assume the main router has an address of 192.168.1.1 and that it's setup to to issue addresses - by DHCP - between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.49. Give the slave router an IP address of 192.168.1.50. Remember this address as you might need it to access this router later.
On each configuration page, confirm your choices by clicking ‘save settings’ at the bottom of each page as you go. Remember, too, that once you've change the router's IP address you will have to wait for it to reboot, and then access it by typing the new IP address into your browser's address bar.
Step 7
Now we are ready to connect it all together. The ideal way to connect two routers together is with a long network cable. However, this is usually impractical so the best alternative it to use powerline networking adapters.
These work by using the mains power cables in your walls and floors to act as network cables as well as passing electricity through them. They work only on ring mains which are all connected back to a single consumer unit (fuse box). If you have two separate buildings or an extension which has its own electricity supply and meter, then powerline adapters aren't going to work.
Step 8
With both routers now turned on, it’s time to test your network. Take a wireless device, (smartphone, tablet or laptop), and check to see the signal strength when close to each of the routers. You will find that you have successfully extended the reach of your wireless network and now have a second wireless access point.
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